with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Hello is
begin
Put_Line ('Hello, world!');
end Hello;
Ask the right questions to secure the right Ada 95 talent among an increasingly shrinking pool of talent.
Ada 95 is a high-level, statically-typed computer programming language that was standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1995. It evolved from Ada 83, under the auspices of the U.S Department of Defense to address software engineering needs across large systems. Named after Ada Lovelace, it is renowned for its strong typing, run-time checking and concurrency features which make it suitable for mission-critical applications such as avionics and defense systems. The language also supports object-oriented programming paradigms including encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. Its design principles emphasize readability over writeability leading to easier maintenance and fewer errors.
The next 20 minutes of the interview should attempt to focus more specifically on the development questions used, and the level of depth and skill the engineer possesses.
In Ada 95, a function is a subprogram that returns a value, while a procedure is a subprogram that performs an action but does not return a value.
The 'with' clause in Ada 95 is used to import a package or a module into the current scope. It is similar to the 'import' statement in other programming languages.
A procedure in Ada 95 is defined using the 'procedure' keyword followed by the procedure name, parameters in parentheses, and 'is' keyword. The body of the procedure is enclosed in 'begin' and 'end' keywords.
The basic data types in Ada 95 include Integer, Float, Character, Boolean, and Duration.
In Ada 95, a variable is declared using the following syntax: 'variable_name : type := initial_value;'. For example, 'count : Integer := 0;'.
This is important for managing changes and collaborating on larger projects.
This is important for maintaining the readability and performance of the software.
Software development often requires collaboration, so team skills are essential.
This is important as the library provides a variety of pre-written code that can be used to perform common tasks.
These skills are necessary for debugging and developing solutions within the Ada 95 language.
This is crucial as it forms the basis of any programming task they will be required to perform.
The next 20 minutes of the interview should attempt to focus more specifically on the development questions used, and the level of depth and skill the engineer possesses.
The 'pragma' directive in Ada 95 is used to provide additional information to the compiler, such as optimization options, warning suppression, or specific hardware instructions.
'In' parameters in Ada 95 are used to pass values to a subprogram, while 'out' parameters are used to return values from a subprogram. 'In' parameters are read-only, while 'out' parameters are write-only.
In Ada 95, inheritance is implemented using 'tagged' types. A new type is defined as a 'tagged' type and then it can inherit the properties and methods of another 'tagged' type.
Ada 95 supports several types of loops including 'while' loops, 'for' loops, and 'loop' (indefinite) loops.
In Ada 95, exceptions are handled using the 'exception' keyword in a block of code. The 'when' keyword is used to specify the type of exception and the action to be taken.
At this point, a skilled Ada 95 engineer should demonstrate deep understanding of the language, experience with real-time and embedded systems, and strong problem-solving skills. Red flags would be lack of specific examples or difficulty explaining complex concepts.
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Hello is
begin
Put_Line ('Hello, world!');
end Hello;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Print_Num is
Num : Integer := 10;
begin
Put_Line (Integer'Image(Num));
end Print_Num;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Array_Sum is
type Int_Array is array (1 .. 5) of Integer;
Arr : Int_Array := (1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
Sum : Integer := 0;
begin
for I in Arr'Range loop
Sum := Sum + Arr(I);
end loop;
Put_Line (Integer'Image(Sum));
end Array_Sum;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Real_Time; use Ada.Real_Time;
procedure Sleep is
begin
delay 1.0;
Put_Line ('Slept for 1 second');
end Sleep;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Object_Oriented is
type Base_Type is tagged null record;
procedure Print (Obj : Base_Type) is
begin
Put_Line ('Base_Type object');
end Print;
Obj : Base_Type;
begin
Print (Obj);
end Object_Oriented;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Advanced is
type Int is range 1 .. 10;
function Is_Even (I : Int) return Boolean is
begin
return I mod 2 = 0;
end Is_Even;
I : Int := 5;
begin
if Is_Even (I) then
Put_Line ('Even');
else
Put_Line ('Odd');
end if;
end Advanced;
The final few interview questions for a Ada 95 candidate should typically focus on a combination of technical skills, personal goals, growth potential, team dynamics, and company culture.
Ada 95 supports two types of exception propagation: 'propagation by failure' where an exception is propagated to the caller if a subprogram fails, and 'propagation by choice' where an exception is explicitly propagated using the 'raise' statement.
Multitasking in Ada 95 is implemented using tasks. A task is a concurrent thread of execution that can be synchronized with other tasks using 'entry' and 'accept' statements.
'Limited' types in Ada 95 are types that do not support assignment or equality operations, while 'private' types are types whose full definition is hidden from the client code.
Ada 95 supports two types of access types: 'access all' for general access and 'access constant' for read-only access.
A generic package in Ada 95 is created using the 'generic' keyword followed by the package specification. The package body is then defined in a similar way to a regular package.
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